Diabetes Mellitus

High blood sugar slowly damages kidney blood vessels.

Hypertension

Constant high pressure damages the filtering units

Glomerulonephritis

Inflammation of the kidney’s filtering units.

Polycystic Kidney Disease

Genetic condition causing fluid-filled cysts in kidneys.

Urinary Obstruction

Kidney stones, tumors, or enlarged prostate blocking urine flow.

Urinary Infections

Chronic infections may scar kidneys.

Medications and toxins

Long-term use of NSAIDs, certain antibiotics,

Autoimmunity

Conditions like lupus that attack kidney tissues.

Sepsis

Widespread infection can damage kidneys due to low blood flow