Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is caused by long-term high blood sugar levels that damage the kidneys’ filtering units, called nephrons. This damage makes it harder for the kidneys to filter waste, leading to a build-up of toxins in the body.

The five stages of diabetic nephropathy are based on kidney function. Stage 1 shows early signs with normal kidney function. Stage 2 involves mild damage, Stage 3 is moderate, Stage 4 is severe, and Stage 5 is kidney failure, requiring dialysis or a transplant.

There is no cure for diabetic nephropathy, but it can be managed. Controlling blood sugar and blood pressure can slow the progression of kidney damage. Early detection is key to preventing serious complications like kidney failure.

Diabetic nephropathy is detected through routine urine tests that check for the presence of protein, an early sign of kidney damage. Blood tests measuring kidney function are also used. Early detection helps in managing the condition better.

Diabetic nephropathy progresses in stages rather than distinct types. These stages are based on the severity of kidney damage: early kidney damage, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria, and end-stage renal disease, where the kidneys fail.